Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 37 Researches
7.6
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 26 Reviews
7.7
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Softgel
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
10
Total Fat
1 g
1%
Saturated Fat
0 g
0%
Trans Fat
0 g
**
Polyunsaturated Fat
0.5 g
**
Monounsaturated Fat
0 g
**
Cholesterol
10 mg
3%
Omega-3 Fish Oil
1000 mg
**
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
180 mg
**
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
120 mg
**
Top Medical Research Studies
9
Omega-3s' mixed effects on heart health
We examined the impact of omega-3 fatty acids, often found in fish oil, on heart attack risks, particularly in patients with high triglyceride levels. The studies indicate that while omega-3s can effectively lower triglycerides and reduce certain cardiovascular disease outcomes, including fatal heart attacks, their overall benefit remains debated. Despite extensive research demonstrating some positive outcomes, many experts still question the magnitude of their effects on heart attack prevention. Improved guidance on omega-3 supplementation is still evolving as new evidence emerges.
Read More
9
DHA aids post-heart attack recovery
We explored the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on heart attack recovery in rats. The study aimed to understand how DHA, alongside eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), can influence heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI).
Using several groups of rats experiencing moderate heart issues, we evaluated how these omega-3 fatty acids impacted heart function. We found that both DHA and EPA effectively curtailed the hypertrophic response in heart cells. This response is a significant factor in heart failure, where heart tissue thickens and hardens.
Notably, both DHA and EPA inhibited the activity of a histone acetyltransferase called p300. This activity is linked to molecular changes that promote heart cell enlargement and fibrosis. In our analysis, we observed that these fatty acids not only preserved cardiac function but also prevented structural changes common after a heart attack.
Overall, we noted that DHA had a comparable protective effect to EPA, significantly improving heart health and reducing fibrosis in the heart tissue. As such, the findings suggest that incorporating DHA could be a heart-friendly choice post-heart attack.
Using several groups of rats experiencing moderate heart issues, we evaluated how these omega-3 fatty acids impacted heart function. We found that both DHA and EPA effectively curtailed the hypertrophic response in heart cells. This response is a significant factor in heart failure, where heart tissue thickens and hardens.
Notably, both DHA and EPA inhibited the activity of a histone acetyltransferase called p300. This activity is linked to molecular changes that promote heart cell enlargement and fibrosis. In our analysis, we observed that these fatty acids not only preserved cardiac function but also prevented structural changes common after a heart attack.
Overall, we noted that DHA had a comparable protective effect to EPA, significantly improving heart health and reducing fibrosis in the heart tissue. As such, the findings suggest that incorporating DHA could be a heart-friendly choice post-heart attack.
Read More
8
Omega-3 reduces heart attack risk
We explored the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on heart attack risk, focusing on African Americans. In a study analyzing data from the VITAL trial, we matched African American participants with non-Hispanic White individuals to simulate a randomized controlled trial.
Surprisingly, our findings indicated that omega-3 supplementation significantly decreased heart attack risk in African Americans but showed no benefit for non-Hispanic Whites. This highlights the importance of addressing racial differences in how individuals respond to omega-3 fish oil, urging further research in this area.
Surprisingly, our findings indicated that omega-3 supplementation significantly decreased heart attack risk in African Americans but showed no benefit for non-Hispanic Whites. This highlights the importance of addressing racial differences in how individuals respond to omega-3 fish oil, urging further research in this area.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Heart health support
1 people found this helpful
Value Pack Omega-3 Fish Oil helps support heart and brain health, and maintains healthy triglyceride levels. It's molecularly distilled to remove harmful substances. Some studies suggest omega-3 may reduce heart attack risk.
Read More
9
Take with meals
1 people found this helpful
Value Pack Omega-3 Fish Oil supports heart and brain health, maintaining healthy triglyceride levels, and is molecularly distilled. It is recommended to take one softgel twice daily with a meal.
Read More
9
Significantly active dog
1 people found this helpful
Despite the price increase, Omega-3 helps my cardiovascular health and memory. I give my dog one fish oil capsule daily; it has made her very active and improved her heart significantly.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 37 Researches
7.6
- All Researches
9
Omega-3s' mixed effects on heart health
We examined the impact of omega-3 fatty acids, often found in fish oil, on heart attack risks, particularly in patients with high triglyceride levels. The studies indicate that while omega-3s can effectively lower triglycerides and reduce certain cardiovascular disease outcomes, including fatal heart attacks, their overall benefit remains debated. Despite extensive research demonstrating some positive outcomes, many experts still question the magnitude of their effects on heart attack prevention. Improved guidance on omega-3 supplementation is still evolving as new evidence emerges.
Read More
9
We explored whether icosapent ethyl (IPE), a refined omega-3 fatty acid, could lower heart attack risk among cigarette smokers. In the REDUCE-IT trial, over 8,000 statin-treated patients were randomly assigned to receive either IPE or a placebo for nearly five years.
Our findings showed that IPE significantly reduced cardiovascular events by 25%, especially for current and former smokers. Participants using IPE experienced heart attack rates similar to non-smokers, suggesting that IPE may help lessen cardiovascular risks associated with smoking.
Our findings showed that IPE significantly reduced cardiovascular events by 25%, especially for current and former smokers. Participants using IPE experienced heart attack rates similar to non-smokers, suggesting that IPE may help lessen cardiovascular risks associated with smoking.
Read More
9
We examined the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, on the risk of heart attacks through a comprehensive analysis of the VITAL trial. This significant study included nearly 26,000 older adults in the U.S. who were monitored over an average of 5.3 years.
The original trial didn't find significant results for major cardiovascular events overall, but our Bayesian analysis suggested a different insight. By incorporating previous research and evidence, we discovered that daily supplementation with EPA appears to notably lower the risk of coronary heart disease events, particularly heart attacks.
However, the same beneficial effects did not extend to strokes or overall cardiovascular death, which means while we do see an encouraging trend for heart attacks, the evidence doesn't support a broad impact on other cardiovascular-related issues. Our findings help reinforce the value of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as a preventive measure specifically for heart attacks.
The original trial didn't find significant results for major cardiovascular events overall, but our Bayesian analysis suggested a different insight. By incorporating previous research and evidence, we discovered that daily supplementation with EPA appears to notably lower the risk of coronary heart disease events, particularly heart attacks.
However, the same beneficial effects did not extend to strokes or overall cardiovascular death, which means while we do see an encouraging trend for heart attacks, the evidence doesn't support a broad impact on other cardiovascular-related issues. Our findings help reinforce the value of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as a preventive measure specifically for heart attacks.
Read More
9
We explored the role of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in heart attack recovery, particularly its effect on restoring blood flow during ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Our focus was on understanding whether higher levels of EPA relative to arachidonic acid could lead to faster recovery and better outcomes for patients experiencing this type of heart attack.
The study revealed that patients with elevated EPA levels indeed showed quicker restoration of coronary blood flow. This is promising, as efficient blood flow restoration is critical in minimizing heart damage during a heart attack. However, it’s essential to note that the effectiveness of EPA may vary based on other treatments the patients are receiving.
These findings suggest a positive link between EPA and heart attack recovery, but further investigation is necessary to determine the best approaches for integrating EPA into treatment protocols. Ultimately, while we observed encouraging results, the interplay between dietary interventions and other medical treatments warrants additional research.
The study revealed that patients with elevated EPA levels indeed showed quicker restoration of coronary blood flow. This is promising, as efficient blood flow restoration is critical in minimizing heart damage during a heart attack. However, it’s essential to note that the effectiveness of EPA may vary based on other treatments the patients are receiving.
These findings suggest a positive link between EPA and heart attack recovery, but further investigation is necessary to determine the best approaches for integrating EPA into treatment protocols. Ultimately, while we observed encouraging results, the interplay between dietary interventions and other medical treatments warrants additional research.
Read More
9
We explored how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its metabolites can protect heart cells during a heart attack, specifically focusing on a laboratory model for ischemic injury. Our investigation centered on a specific receptor found in heart cells, known as the Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 (Ffar4).
In our experiments, cardiac myocytes, or heart cells, were exposed to a controlled environment mimicking conditions of reduced blood flow followed by reoxygenation, essentially simulating a heart attack scenario. Applying an Ffar4 agonist, TUG-891, along with EPA-derived components like 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and resolvin E1 (RvE1), we observed a significant reduction in harmful reactive oxygen species and heart cell death.
Notably, blocking the ChemR23 receptor with a specific antagonist negated the protective effects we noted from these treatments. This finding highlights that Ffar4 and ChemR23 work together in heart cells to defend against the damage that occurs after ischemic injury.
Overall, our data reinforce the idea that eicosapentaenoic acid has beneficial roles in protecting heart cells from ischemia, meriting further exploration as a potential therapeutic in heart attack management.
In our experiments, cardiac myocytes, or heart cells, were exposed to a controlled environment mimicking conditions of reduced blood flow followed by reoxygenation, essentially simulating a heart attack scenario. Applying an Ffar4 agonist, TUG-891, along with EPA-derived components like 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and resolvin E1 (RvE1), we observed a significant reduction in harmful reactive oxygen species and heart cell death.
Notably, blocking the ChemR23 receptor with a specific antagonist negated the protective effects we noted from these treatments. This finding highlights that Ffar4 and ChemR23 work together in heart cells to defend against the damage that occurs after ischemic injury.
Overall, our data reinforce the idea that eicosapentaenoic acid has beneficial roles in protecting heart cells from ischemia, meriting further exploration as a potential therapeutic in heart attack management.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 26 Reviews
7.7
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Heart health support
1 people found this helpful
Value Pack Omega-3 Fish Oil helps support heart and brain health, and maintains healthy triglyceride levels. It's molecularly distilled to remove harmful substances. Some studies suggest omega-3 may reduce heart attack risk.
Read More
9
Take with meals
1 people found this helpful
Value Pack Omega-3 Fish Oil supports heart and brain health, maintaining healthy triglyceride levels, and is molecularly distilled. It is recommended to take one softgel twice daily with a meal.
Read More
9
Significantly active dog
1 people found this helpful
Despite the price increase, Omega-3 helps my cardiovascular health and memory. I give my dog one fish oil capsule daily; it has made her very active and improved her heart significantly.
Read More
9
Heart disease prevention
Heart health helps to reduce the risk of heart attack.
Read More
9
Supports heart health
Natrol Omega-3 Fish Oil could help reduce the risk of heart attack. It supports heart and brain health and is molecularly distilled to eliminate harmful substances.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
9
Heart health improvement
6 people found this helpful
Effective Omega 3, 100% positive! I consistently take Omega, experiencing noticeable health improvements after a couple of weeks. My general health has improved, and there's a reduction in fatigue. My heart rate is normal, and cholesterol remains stable. There are no side effects, and the capsules are easy to swallow. We prefer taking two capsules at breakfast for best results. The family is pleased with the outcomes, hence, I will continue purchasing.
9
Muscle cramps relief
2 people found this helpful
I've taken Omega 3 for years, and this one is my favourite due to its lemon taste. It has effectively managed my heart muscle cramps. If I skip it for a few days, I notice the difference in my heart health, so it truly works for me.
9
Heart health benefits
1 people found this helpful
This Omega 3 is excellent, reducing triglycerides and blood pressure while improving heart function. The pills are large but easy to swallow without any fishy taste, which is crucial for me.
9
Significantly active dog
1 people found this helpful
Despite the price increase, Omega-3 helps my cardiovascular health and memory. I give my dog one fish oil capsule daily; it has made her very active and improved her heart significantly.
7.5
Improved heart function
1 people found this helpful
Omega-3 fatty acids are crucial for everyone. I’ve noticed improvements such as better skin condition, concentration, and sleep. They help with mood swings and fatigue. They don’t taste fishy and are easy to swallow. I take two per day with food.
7.5
Cardiovascular benefit
2 people found this helpful
Since taking Natrol Fish Oil capsules, my winter skin peeling has vanished, and my overall health feels better. I hope it positively affects my cardiovascular system, as noted on the packaging.
8
Cholesterol benefits
1 people found this helpful
This fish oil supplement has no fishy aftertaste and is good for the heart. It's part of a suite of supplements my doctor recommends for aging diabetics. It has a good effect on cholesterol and is suitable for all ages.
6
Dosage guidance
One capsule of Natrol Omega-3 Fish Oil contains 1000 mg of fish oil, with about 180 mg of EPA and 120 mg of DHA. The AHA advises that individuals with cardiovascular disease take at least 1000 mg of these fatty acids daily to reduce the risk of heart attacks. I take 3 capsules daily to help reduce this risk.
7.5
Cholesterol reduction
2 people found this helpful
Recommended by a friend, my family and I take this Omega 3 daily. It reduces bad cholesterol and benefits heart function, improving mood and reducing stress. The capsules are easy to take without any unpleasant taste.
8
Omega-3 improves heart attack outcomes
We observed that icosapent ethyl, a type of omega-3 fish oil, plays a significant role in reducing heart attack risk among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In a study involving almost 5,800 participants, those taking icosapent ethyl experienced lower rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to those on placebo.
The treatment showed effectiveness across all levels of cardiovascular risk, particularly benefiting those at higher risk. Overall, this suggests that incorporating icosapent ethyl could be an important option for managing heart attack risks.
The treatment showed effectiveness across all levels of cardiovascular risk, particularly benefiting those at higher risk. Overall, this suggests that incorporating icosapent ethyl could be an important option for managing heart attack risks.
8
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on heart attacks and other cardiovascular events through a comprehensive analysis of multiple clinical trials. Our study included data from 18 randomized controlled trials that involved over 134,000 participants. These individuals were either given EPA alone, a combination of EPA and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), or a control substance.
Our findings indicate that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, specifically EPA, significantly reduced the risk of coronary revascularization and heart attacks. We observed that participants who received EPA experienced a 10% lower risk of undergoing coronary revascularization procedures, and a 11% lower risk of having a heart attack compared to those in the control group.
Interestingly, when we compared EPA alone to the combination therapy of DHA and EPA, we found that EPA provided even more substantial benefits in reducing the need for revascularization procedures. This suggests that EPA may play a crucial role in enhancing cardiovascular health, making it a valuable option for patients, particularly those already on statin therapy.
Overall, our exploration indicates that EPA holds promise in diminishing heart attack risks and improving cardiovascular outcomes. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms at play and the specific benefits of EPA in different prevention scenarios.
Our findings indicate that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, specifically EPA, significantly reduced the risk of coronary revascularization and heart attacks. We observed that participants who received EPA experienced a 10% lower risk of undergoing coronary revascularization procedures, and a 11% lower risk of having a heart attack compared to those in the control group.
Interestingly, when we compared EPA alone to the combination therapy of DHA and EPA, we found that EPA provided even more substantial benefits in reducing the need for revascularization procedures. This suggests that EPA may play a crucial role in enhancing cardiovascular health, making it a valuable option for patients, particularly those already on statin therapy.
Overall, our exploration indicates that EPA holds promise in diminishing heart attack risks and improving cardiovascular outcomes. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms at play and the specific benefits of EPA in different prevention scenarios.
8
Omega-3 reduces heart attack risk
We explored the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on heart attack risk, focusing on African Americans. In a study analyzing data from the VITAL trial, we matched African American participants with non-Hispanic White individuals to simulate a randomized controlled trial.
Surprisingly, our findings indicated that omega-3 supplementation significantly decreased heart attack risk in African Americans but showed no benefit for non-Hispanic Whites. This highlights the importance of addressing racial differences in how individuals respond to omega-3 fish oil, urging further research in this area.
Surprisingly, our findings indicated that omega-3 supplementation significantly decreased heart attack risk in African Americans but showed no benefit for non-Hispanic Whites. This highlights the importance of addressing racial differences in how individuals respond to omega-3 fish oil, urging further research in this area.
7
Omega-3s lower inflammation marker hs-CRP
We examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on inflammation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (heart attack). In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 60 participants, those taking omega-3s showed a significant drop in the inflammatory marker hs-CRP after 30 days.
While both groups saw reductions in hs-CRP, the omega-3 group experienced a greater decrease. However, most other health markers, including cholesterol and triglycerides, showed similar improvements between groups. Thus, while omega-3s may help reduce inflammation, their overall impact compared to a placebo wasn't significantly distinct.
While both groups saw reductions in hs-CRP, the omega-3 group experienced a greater decrease. However, most other health markers, including cholesterol and triglycerides, showed similar improvements between groups. Thus, while omega-3s may help reduce inflammation, their overall impact compared to a placebo wasn't significantly distinct.
7
Omega-3 and statin heart benefits
We examined the effects of adding omega-3 fatty acids to statin therapy for heart health by reviewing 14 randomized controlled trials with about 40,991 patients. Our analysis showed that this combination significantly reduced events like heart attacks, unstable angina, and cholesterol levels compared to statins alone.
However, we found no major differences in deadly strokes or coronary surgeries. This suggests that while omega-3 supplementation may offer some benefits, it doesn't dramatically impact all cardiovascular outcomes.
However, we found no major differences in deadly strokes or coronary surgeries. This suggests that while omega-3 supplementation may offer some benefits, it doesn't dramatically impact all cardiovascular outcomes.
7
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces heart attack risk
We investigated the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on heart attack risk, particularly focusing on its interaction with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Our study included 987 individuals who underwent coronary angiography, which allowed us to assess their EPA and DHA levels and how these levels influenced major cardiovascular events over ten years.
Our findings revealed that higher EPA levels are associated with a reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Specifically, individuals in the highest quartile of EPA had a significantly lower hazard ratio for heart attacks compared to those in the lowest quartile. Conversely, we observed that higher levels of DHA, when combined with EPA, seemed to diminish the heart-protective benefits of EPA, especially in those with low EPA levels.
This dual effect highlights the complexity behind omega-3 fatty acids and their clinical applications. Given the varied outcomes in previous clinical trials, our results may clarify why certain studies focused solely on EPA yield different results from those examining both EPA and DHA together.
Our findings revealed that higher EPA levels are associated with a reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Specifically, individuals in the highest quartile of EPA had a significantly lower hazard ratio for heart attacks compared to those in the lowest quartile. Conversely, we observed that higher levels of DHA, when combined with EPA, seemed to diminish the heart-protective benefits of EPA, especially in those with low EPA levels.
This dual effect highlights the complexity behind omega-3 fatty acids and their clinical applications. Given the varied outcomes in previous clinical trials, our results may clarify why certain studies focused solely on EPA yield different results from those examining both EPA and DHA together.
References
- Aggarwal R, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, et al. Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038656. doi:10.1161/JAHA.124.038656
- Sun S, Hara A, Johnstone L, Hallmark B, Watkins JC, et al. Optimal Pair Matching Combined with Machine Learning Predicts a Significant Reduction in Myocardial Infarction Risk in African Americans Following Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16172933
- Ahmadi M, Askari VR, Shahri B, Mousavi Noghab SM, Jarahi L, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids effectively mitigate high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) biomarker of inflammation in acute myocardial infarction patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025;398:881. doi:10.1007/s00210-024-03330-1
- Burger PM, Bhatt DL, Dorresteijn JAN, Koudstaal S, Mosterd A, et al. Effects of icosapent ethyl according to baseline residual risk in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: results from REDUCE-IT. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2024;10:488. doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvae030
- Bernhard B, Heydari B, Abdullah S, Francis SA, Lumish H, et al. Effect of six month's treatment with omega-3 acid ethyl esters on long-term outcomes after acute myocardial infarction: The OMEGA-REMODEL randomized clinical trial. Int J Cardiol. 2024;399:131698. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131698
- Irfan A, Haider SH, Nasir A, Larik MO, Naz T. Assessing the Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acids + Statins vs. Statins Only on Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 40,991 Patients. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2024;49:102245. doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102245
- Ogata S, Manson JE, Kang JH, Buring JE, Lee IM, et al. Marine n-3 Fatty Acids and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Novel Analysis of the VITAL Trial Using Win Ratio and Hierarchical Composite Outcomes. Nutrients. 2023;15. doi:10.3390/nu15194235
- Jin D, Trichia E, Islam N, Lewington S, Lacey B. Associations of circulating fatty acids with incident coronary heart disease: a prospective study of 89,242 individuals in UK Biobank. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2023;23:365. doi:10.1186/s12872-023-03394-6
- Lyytinen AT, Yesmean M, Manninen S, Lankinen M, Bhalke M, et al. Fatty fish consumption reduces lipophilic index in erythrocyte membranes and serum phospholipids. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2023;33:1453. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.011
- Chiusolo S, Bork CS, Gentile F, Lundbye-Christensen S, Harris WS, et al. Adipose tissue n-3/n-6 fatty acids ratios versus n-3 fatty acids fractions as predictors of myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2023;262:38. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2023.03.019
- Kobara M, Shiraishi T, Noda K, Toba H, Nakata T. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Preserves Mitochondrial Quality and Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction in Rats. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2023;16:816. doi:10.1007/s12265-023-10363-z
- Rodriguez D, Lavie CJ, Elagizi A, Milani RV. Update on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Health. Nutrients. 2022;14. doi:10.3390/nu14235146
- Bassuk SS, Manson JE. Marine omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and prevention of cardiovascular disease: update on the randomized trial evidence. Cardiovasc Res. 2023;119:1297. doi:10.1093/cvr/cvac172
- Nishizaki Y, Miyauchi K, Iwata H, Inoue T, Hirayama A, et al. Study protocol and baseline characteristics of Randomized trial for Evaluation in Secondary Prevention Efficacy of Combination Therapy-Statin and Eicosapentaenoic Acid: RESPECT-EPA, the combination of a randomized control trial and an observational biomarker study. Am Heart J. 2023;257:1. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2022.11.008
- Miller M, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, et al. Potential effects of icosapent ethyl on cardiovascular outcomes in cigarette smokers: REDUCE-IT smoking. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2023;9:129. doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvac045
- Yokoyama Y, Kuno T, Morita SX, Slipczuk L, Takagi H, et al. Eicosapentaenoic Acid for Cardiovascular Events Reduction- Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Cardiol. 2022;80:416. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2022.07.008
- Hamaya R, Cook NR, Sesso HD, Buring JE, Manson JE. A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events. Am J Clin Nutr. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.02.028
- Yamada R, Uematsu M, Nakamura T, Kobayashi T, Horikoshi T, et al. Elevated eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid ratio and rapid coronary blood flow restoration in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Hellenic J Cardiol. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.hjc.2025.01.003
- Puccini SJ, Healy CL, Harsch BA, Ahmed AR, Shearer GC, et al. A Cell Autonomous Free fatty acid receptor 4 - ChemR23 Signaling Cascade Protects Cardiac Myocytes from Ischemic Injury. bioRxiv. 2025. doi:10.1101/2024.11.26.625260
- Miyauchi K, Iwata H, Nishizaki Y, Inoue T, Hirayama A, et al. Randomized Trial for Evaluation in Secondary Prevention Efficacy of Combination Therapy-Statin and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (RESPECT-EPA). Circulation. 2024;150:425. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065520
- Dinu M, Sofi F, Lotti S, Colombini B, Mattioli AV, et al. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on coronary revascularization and cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2024;31:1863. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae184
- Szarek M, Bhatt DL, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, et al. Lipoprotein(a) Blood Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction With Icosapent Ethyl. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024;83:1529. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.016
- Sabbour H, Bhatt DL, Elhenawi Y, Aljaberi A, Bennani L, et al. A Practical Approach to the Management of Residual Cardiovascular Risk: United Arab Emirates Expert Consensus Panel on the Evidence for Icosapent Ethyl and Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2024. doi:10.1007/s10557-023-07519-z
- Le VT, Knight S, Watrous JD, Najhawan M, Dao K, et al. Higher docosahexaenoic acid levels lower the protective impact of eicosapentaenoic acid on long-term major cardiovascular events. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023;10:1229130. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1229130
- Myhre PL, Berge T, Kalstad AA, Tveit SH, Laake K, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid supplements and risk of atrial fibrillation and 'micro-atrial fibrillation': A secondary analysis from the OMEMI trial. Clin Nutr. 2023;42:1657. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.002
- Borghi C, Bragagni A. Clinical results and mechanism of action of icosapent ethyl. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2023;25:B37. doi:10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad088
- Rabbat MG, Lakshmanan S, Benjamin MM, Doros G, Kinninger A, et al. Benefit of icosapent ethyl on coronary physiology assessed by computed tomography angiography fractional flow reserve: EVAPORATE-FFRCT. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023;24:866. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jead063
- Luo X, Liu M, Wang S, Chen Y, Bao X, et al. Combining metabolomics and OCT to reveal plasma metabolic profiling and biomarkers of plaque erosion and plaque rupture in STEMI patients. Int J Cardiol. 2023;390:131223. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131223
- Bork CS, Lundbye-Christensen S, Venø SK, Lasota AN, Tjønneland A, et al. Intake of marine and plant-derived n-3 fatty acids and development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Eur J Nutr. 2023;62:1389. doi:10.1007/s00394-022-03081-w
- Park GH, Cho JH, Lee D, Kim Y. Association between Seafood Intake and Cardiovascular Disease in South Korean Adults: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients. 2022;14. doi:10.3390/nu14224864
- Alfaddagh A, Kapoor K, Dardari ZA, Bhatt DL, Budoff MJ, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids, subclinical atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular events: Implications for primary prevention. Atherosclerosis. 2022;353:11. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.1018
- Sunagawa Y, Katayama A, Funamoto M, Shimizu K, Shimizu S, et al. The polyunsaturated fatty acids, EPA and DHA, ameliorate myocardial infarction-induced heart failure by inhibiting p300-HAT activity in rats. J Nutr Biochem. 2022;106:109031. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109031
- Halade GV, Kain V, De La Rosa X, Lindsey ML. Metabolic transformation of fat in obesity determines the inflammation resolving capacity of splenocardiac and cardiorenal networks in heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2022;322:H953. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00684.2021
- Shi Y, Li H, Wu T, Wang Q, Zhu Q, et al. Docosahexaenoic Acid-Enhanced Autophagic Flux Improves Cardiac Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction by Targeting the AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022;2022:1509421. doi:10.1155/2022/1509421
- Wang CP, Lee CC, Wu DY, Chen SY, Lee TM. Differential effects of EPA and DHA on PPARγ-mediated sympathetic innervation in infarcted rat hearts by GPR120-dependent and -independent mechanisms. J Nutr Biochem. 2022;103:108950. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108950
- Myhre PL, Kalstad AA, Tveit SH, Laake K, Schmidt EB, et al. Changes in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and risk of cardiovascular events and atrial fibrillation: A secondary analysis of the OMEMI trial. J Intern Med. 2022;291:637. doi:10.1111/joim.13442
- Pertiwi K, Küpers LK, de Goede J, Zock PL, Kromhout D, et al. Dietary and Circulating Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Mortality Risk After Myocardial Infarction: A Long-Term Follow-Up of the Alpha Omega Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10:e022617. doi:10.1161/JAHA.121.022617
